基于原子尺度的摩擦学研究──纳米摩擦学

Tribology Research at Atomic Scale-Nano Tribology

在评述摩擦学发展趋势的基础上，从现代纳米科学技术的需要出发，阐述纳米摩擦学兴起的背景及其在理论和应用上的意义；提出纳米摩擦学的研究特征和学科基础，以及加速其发展的有效途径。论述基于原子尺度的微观研究在固体表面接触与粘着行为、界面分子膜与边界润滑特性、微观摩擦、纳米刻划与微磨损机理等领域取得的主要进展，并提出以发展微型机械一电子系统和实现超滑和零磨损为目标的研究方向，包括微观表面工程和有序分子膜润滑研究等。

In this paper, based on analysingthe developing tendency of tribology and require-ments of nano science and technology in recenttime, the arising background and significance' both in theoretical and practical aspects of nanotribology have been illustrated. And its charac-teristics, academic foundation and researchmethod have been proposed in order to speed upthe development of nano tribology. Then, theauthors review the achievements obtained by in-vestigation at atomic scale in the areas of solidsurfaces and adhesion behavior, surficial perfor-mances of molecular film and boundary lubrica-tion, mechanism of micro friction and nanoscratching/wear etc. Finally, taking aim at de-veloping micro electro-mechanical systems andrealizing super-lubricity and zero - wear, theauthors have submitted the research directions innano tribology, including the technology of mi-cro surface engineering and ordered molecularfilms lubrication.