湖南省生态—经济系统协调发展能力评价——基于生态足迹理论和生态协调度的实证分析

Assessment of Coordinated Development Competency to Ecological-Economic System in Hunan Province:An Empirical Analysis Based on Ecological Footprint and Ecological Coordination Degree

生态足迹是一种基于消费资源对应的生物土地类型的供需矛盾,度量区域是否协调发展的有效方法,而生态协调度可选取多个代表性因素综合评估区域发展协调状况,将两者结合起来对湖南省的生态-经济系统协调发展能力进行评价,结论应该会更准确。文章介绍了生态足迹模型和生态协调度的评价方法,并对湖南省2006年的生态足迹和生态协调度进行了计算和分析。结果表明,2006年湖南省人均生态足迹为2.0713hm2/cap,实际生态承载力为0.7337hm2/cap,人均生态赤字为1.3376hm2/cap。因人均生态足迹已经超出了全球人均生态标准值1.80hm2/cap,可认为研究区的发展状况属于地方非可持续性-全球非可持续性类型。又由生态协调度评价值Sp=49∈[30,50),生态协调系数DS=1.2765<■2,说明该区生态-经济系统处于"基本不协调"状态。最后笔者分析了这种现状产生的主要原因,并提出几点具体对策,以供讨论。

Ecological footprint is a practical method which based on land contradiction between supply and demand in consumption of biological resources corresponding to land types,to measure regional coordinated development,and ecological coordination degree is a measurement which can select a number of representive factors to assess coordination situation comprehensively in regional development. If combinates its to assess coordinated development competency to ecological-economic system in Hunan province,the conclusion will be more accurate.The article describes ecological footprint model and the assessment methods of ecological coordination degree ,and use its to calculate and analytic ecological-economic system in Hunan Province in 2006.The results show that ecological footprint per capita is 2.0713hm^2/cap in Hunan Province in 2006,actual ecological carrying capacity is 0.7337hm^2/cap,ecological deficit per capita is 1.3376hm^2/cap. Because ecological footprint per capita has exceeded 1.80hm^2/cap that it be as the global average ecological footprint standard value,it can be considered as the development type of local non-sustainability and global non-sustainability in the study area. And the assessment value to ecological coordination degrees Sp=-49 ∈ [ 30,50）, ecological coordination coefficient DS= 1.2765〈 √2, show that ecological-economic system development is ＂basic uncoordinated ＂in the area.Finally,the author analytics the main causes to the current situation, and proposes some countermeasures for discussion.