东南太平洋智利竹筴鱼渔场浮游生物数量分布及与渔场关系

Distribution of plankton on Trachurus murphyi fishing grounds of the Southeast Pacific and its relationship with fishing grounds

2006年6-8月,对智利外海渔场的5个站点（31°00′-40°45′S、82°05′-91°52′W）进行了浮游生物调查。结果显示,浮游植物共有7属10种,其中硅藻门有5属5种,甲藻门1属3种,蓝藻门1属2种;浮游植物平均生物量为0.416 mg/m^3,最高生物量为0.822 mg/m^3,最低为0.13 mg/m^3。浮游动物为33属40种,其中桡足类有14种,占总种类数的35%,其次为浮游幼虫、水螅水母类、糠虾类和磷虾类等;浮游动物平均生物量为0.656 mg/m^3,最高丰度为211 ind/m^3,最低为33.5 ind/m^3。通过对智利竹筴鱼产量及CPUE（单位渔获量努力量）叠加分析,发现中心渔场区域主要集中于38-43°S、80-83°W范围内,与各采样站点浮游植物生物量分布趋势一致,中心渔场与表层浮游动物生物量的分布尚不存在相对应的关联。

The plankton survey was carried out from the five selected station points within the area,31°00′-40°45′S,82°05′-91°52′W during June-August 2006.The results showed that there existed 7 genera and 11 species of phytoplankton in the monitoring waters.The Bacillariophyta included 5 genera and 5 species,the Pyrrophyta 1 genera and 3 species and the Cyanophyta 1 genera and 3 species.The average biomass of phytoplankton was 0.416 mg/m^3 with the highest 0.822 mg/m^3 and the lowest 0.13 mg/m^3.As for zooplankton,there were 33 genera and 40 species,of which the predominant Copepoda included 14 species,and accounted for about 35% of the total number of species.Pelagic larvae,Hydromedusa,Mysidae and Euphausiidae come second with the average biomass of zooplankton 0.656 mg/m^3,the highest 211 ind/m^3 and the lowest 33.5 ind/m^3.By the integrated analysis on CPUE and production of Trachurus murphyi,we found the main center fishing ground was on 38-43°S,80-83°W.The CPUE and production trend was similar with the distribution of phytoplankton while the distribution of zooplankton was not well correlated with the trend.