成体瘤背石磺不同组织中的重金属含量及其评价

Study on the heavy metal content and its evaluation in the different tissues of adult Onchidium struma

采用原子吸收法测定了瘤背石磺栖息地(崇明北支芦苇滩涂)的水质、土壤及成体瘤背石磺不同组织中的各项重金属含量,并与相应的国家标准进行了比较。结果表明:瘤背石磺栖息地的水质和土壤基本符合相应的国家标准,仅土壤中的Cu和Zn含量略超过国家标准《土壤环境质量标准》,污染指数分别为1.39和1.09。瘤背石磺肝胰腺中积累了较多的Cu、Zn和Fe,含量分别高达314.33、258.33和192.40μg/g组织湿重,两性腺中的Zn含量为309.33μg/g组织湿重,显著高于其它组织(P<0.05),肌肉和卵黄腺中的重金属含量均较低。除Cd含量外,瘤背石磺肌肉中的其它重金属含量均符合国家标准《农产品安全质量:无公害水产品安全要求》中的规定要求,但是肌肉中Cd含量远低于CAC标准(国际食品法典委员会标准)规定的2.0μg/g湿重。

The experiments were conducted to investigate the contents of Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Cd、Pb、Cr in water,soil and different tissues of adult Onchidium struma from the wetland of Chongming island by an atomic absorption spectrometer.The results indicated that,1.The concentrations of heavy metal in water and soil from the natural habitat of O.struma were in the allowing range of the corresponding national standards,except the contents of Cu and Zn in the soil slightly exceeded the national standard The environmental criterion for soil quality,the contaminative index of them were 1.39 and 1.09 respectively.2.The high concentrations of Cu、Zn and Fe have been monitored in hepatopancreas of O.struma,with the concentrations of 314.33,258.33 and 192.40 μg/g in tissue wet weight,respectively.Zn concentration in digenetic gonad was 309.33 μg/g in tissue wet weight,obviously higher than that in other tissues of O.struma（P〈0.05）,while the lowest heavy metal contents were found in muscle and vitelline gland.3.Except for Cd content,the concentrations of all heavy metal in muscle were in the allowing range of national standard for health aquatic products.However,the Cd content in muscle was far inferior to the allowing range of CAC standard（2.0 μg/g wet weight）.