西部生态环境治理与农村经济可持续发展方略探析

On the strategy of control of ecological environment and sustainable development of rural economy

西部资源环境与社会经济问题的产生,有其自身生态系统脆弱和自然条件恶劣方面的因素,但更重要是人为经济活动的影响、破坏所导致。长期以来的研究和实践证明,西部地区出现严重生态恶化和经济贫困问题的根本原因是人口数量超过自然资源和生态环境的承载能力。解决这些地区生态环境问题的根本出路在于有计划地实施生态转移战略,降低这些地区的人口压力,逐步把西部人口降低到自然资源和生态环境承载能力以内,在此基础上,转变生产经营方式,发挥资源优势,发展特色产业,加快农业产业化经营,促进农民脱贫致富,实现人口、资源、环境、经济协调发展,走可持续发展之路。

Long term research and practice proved that, apart from poor natural condition and fragile ecosystem, the fundamental reason of severe ecological degeneration and regional poverty in west China is the overloading stress of large population on natural resources and ecological environment. The solution for these problems lies in the implementation of ecological transferring strategy, such as reducing the population to an affordable scale for natural resources and ecosystem. In addition, the advantages of local resources should be brought into full play and specific undertakings be developed, so as to accelerate the pace of agricultural industrialization, to increase the farmers＇ income and to achieve a harmonious and sustainable development of population, resources, environment and economy.