重庆市直辖以来的城市空间扩展与机制

Research on dynamic mechanism and model of urban spatial expansion since the establishment of Chongqing Municipality

本文采用以城市土地利用年均扩展指数来表征城市空间扩展强度及其空间差异、以关联度系数来刻画要素因子对城市空间扩展影响机制的研究思路,初步构建了一种以城市土地利用面积、自然、人文、社会、经济、生态以及其他因素相结合的指标系统,以此定量揭示城市空间扩展动态演变及其影响机制的评价方法。通过对重庆市1997年直辖以来近10年的城市空间扩展实证研究表明,重庆城市由直辖初期的"极核式"空间布局逐步发展成为由"分散集团式"和"集中型同心圆式"组合成的复合式空间格局。而经济水平的持续发展是重庆市城市空间扩展的主要原因,政府引导下的大型项目建设及市场导向的乡村工业化建设过程,是改革开放以来重庆城市空间扩展的主要影响要素和扩展机制之一。

In the paper,the author uses the growth index to attribute the urban spatial expansion intensity and the spatial difference, uses the incidence coefficient to portray the essential factor of the influence of urban spatial expansion mechanism, initially constructs an appraisal method of taking the city land use area （urban construction land ＋ industrial construction land） as the dependent variable, taking the nature, the humanities, the society, the economy, the ecology as well as other factors as the independent variables to quantitatively reveal the city space dynamic evolution and its influencing mechanism. The diagnostic research of city space expansion in Chongqing after being directly under the Central Government for nearly 10 years indicated that, the Chongqing city＇s ＂pole nucleus＂ layout gradually developed into the duplicate suitable spatial pattern by ＂the centralized concentric circle type＂ and ＂the dispersible group type＂. From 1998 to 2004, the increasing urban construction sites of urban expansion played the dominant role, with urban residential land expansion index reaching 0. 0504, being more than three times that of industrial construction in terms of annual average expansion rate. The unceasing enhancement consumption level of and continuing development of the economic level are the two major reasons accountable for the Chongqing city＇s spatial expansion, The projects under the government guidance and the process of rural industrialization under market direction are the major influencing factors for Chongqing city＇s spatial expansion after the implementation of reform and opening up policy.