西方经济地理学理论建构的发展与论争

Development and debates in the theoretical construction of economic geography

本文从历史和现实的视角,对西方经济地理学理论建构的演变与近期发展趋势进行了分析与总结。经济活动的区位、空间与地方是经济地理学研究的基本对象,也是经济地理学认识社会经济生活的基本视角,其理论建构的核心始终围绕着区位、空间与地方来进行,并以分析它们与经济、政治、社会、自然、环境的关系以及其中经济行动者的能动性与结构的关系而走向理论建构的多样化和多元化,而技术、制度、文化和关系、尺度、调节是其理论建构的重要中介,也是当今"新经济地理学"理论建构争论的核心所在。

With a historical and realistic perspective this paper investigates and summarizes the changing nature and characteristics of economic geography as a sub-discipline in geography in terms of theoretical construction. For economic geographers, location, space and place of economic activities are the fundamental objects of enquiry and also the basic points of departure for the understanding of social-economic activities. The theoretical construction in economic geographies has always been centered on how to define location, space and place, and how to conceptualize their relationships with the economy, politics, society, nature and the environment, especially the agent-structure tensions inherent in those relationships. Two sets of factors, technology, institutes and culture, as well as relations, scale and regulation, are particularly important intermediates for economic geographers to develop theories and approaches, and are also the core subjects of heated debates on the recent institutional, cultural, relational and scalar turns in economic geography. Today the field of economic geography has moved beyond the impact of neoclassical eco- nomics, and has become more diversified and multifaceted. The development in Western economic geography has important implications for the theoretical construction of economic geography in China, which should undertake a triple transition of diversification, internationalization and theorization.