1965年以来我国对外贸易及其地域格局的演变态势

The development of China's foreign trade and of its regional distribution change(1965～2005)

本文总结了我国不同尺度地域单元近40年不同阶段对外贸易总量增长、对外依存度不断提高的基本特点及其地域格局演变的基本态势,分析了出口商品结构变化的基本趋势,并初步探讨了我国对外贸易特点及其地域格局形成的基本成因。研究发现:(1)从时间尺度看,40年来,我国不同尺度的不同区域对外贸易总量和对外依存度均呈长期增长态势,外贸年均增长速度长期高于GDP年均增长速度;(2)从空间尺度看,东、中、西地带对外贸易的区域差异格局没有根本改变,相反中、西地带的相对地位随着市场经济的发展呈下降趋势。我国进/出口位居前四位的省市绝大部分位于东部地区,随着市场经济的进一步发展,呈现出由北向南演变的趋势。在国际上,我国对亚洲的进/出口占绝对优势,但相对地位逐渐下降。

This paper, while centering on the analytical summary of the increases of the foreign trade gross in China＇s different regional units since 1965, and of the characteristics of the increasing independence on the foreign trade and of the situations of the regional distribution changes, analyzes the basic direction on the change of the export product structure, and probes into the features of China＇s foreign trade and the formational causes of the regional distribution of the foreign trade, and thereby comes to several conclusions： （1） chronologically, the foreign trade gross and the independence on the foreign trade in China s different regions since 1965 are on the way of increase, and the increasing rate of the foreign trade is faster than the annual increasing rate of GDP; （2） spatially, the regional discrepancy on the foreign trade between the regions of East China, Inland China and West China, changes little, and at worst, with the development of the market economy, the foreign trade in Inland China and West China shows the tendency of lagging behind. East China occupies the lion＇s share in the amount of the import-export product, and with the further development of the market economy, that advantage in import-export tends to north-turn-to-south direction within the region of East China. Abroad, the absolute advantage of East China＇s foreign trade though is still firm in the realm of Asian market, its status is on the decline.