隐喻的语篇功能研究

Discourse Functions of Metaphor

隐喻作为人类组织概念系统的重要基础,在人们的语言表达中发挥着重要的作用。隐喻概念的系统性和概念域之间的互动赋予了隐喻的语篇功能。作为一种语篇策略,隐喻通过类比转移机制的运作,将隐喻的蕴涵从源点域映射到目标域,使隐喻能够在语篇的层面上延伸,并在语篇的建构中发挥着积极的作用。隐喻延伸可以在语篇中形成系统的词汇衔接网络,并以此增强语篇的连贯性;概念域之间的互动在语篇中形成语块之间的映射关系,使语篇在结构上按一定的映射模式展开。

As an important foundation for the organization of our conceptual system, metaphor plays a significant role in linguistic expressions. The systematicity of metaphorical concepts and the interaction between the conceptual domains of metaphor endow metaphor with discourse functions. As a textual strategy, metaphor extends at discourse level as a result of analogical transfer, which maps metaphorical entailments from the source domain onto the target domain, and in so doing contributes to the construction of discourse. In the first place, metaphorical extension forms systematic lexical cohesive networks and thus enhances discourse coherence. Secondly, the interaction between the conceptual domains of metaphor at discourse level results in mapping relations between chunks of discourse, and enables discourse to unfold in accordance with a specific mapping pattern.