语篇对话性与英语书面新闻语篇分析

Textual Dialogicality and the Analysis of Print News Texts of English

本文试图在现代语言理论框架内,结合分析对象——英语书面新闻语篇,对巴赫金的对话理论进行新的阐发。英语书面新闻语篇中对话主要发生在来自作为"我"的报道者声音和来自作为"他者"的广义的读者声音之间;这种具有异质性的声音主要通过转述、情态、连接词等语言资源标引;它们之间的对话关系表现为"同意与反对,肯定与否定"的评价关系。新闻语篇的对话性从概念功能上来讲,反映了人类社会生活的交往性、对话性,从而具有更高意义上的客观性;从人际功能上来讲,能够调节新闻的叙事距离和视角,从而表达报道者的态度与评价;另外,它还具有组织语篇的功能。

Aiming at developing an operational framework for analyzing print news texts of English, the paper recontextualizes Bakhtin＇ s theory of dialogism within the context of modern linguistic theories. The dialogues in print news texts of English are believed to be the interactions between the voice from ＂I＂ as the reporter and those from ＂other＂ as readers in the broad sense. The heterogeneous voices in the news texts are mainly indicated by such linguistic resources as speech reporting devices, expressions of modality, and conjunctions, and the dialogieal relations between the voices register a kind of evaluation ： agreement or opposition, and affirmation or negation. The ideational function of dialogieality in news texts reflects the interaetional nature of human social practices, hence the objectivity of the news report in the true sense of the word. The dialogicality in news texts can also adjust the interpersonal distance and perspective in the narration of news stories, which suggests the attitude and judgment of the reporters. Furthermore, it can perform a textual function.