运用模拟退火算法的轿车轮毂轴承多目标优化设计

Multi-objective Optimization Design for Automotive Wheel Bearings by Simulated Annealing Method

为了提高设计效率和质量,在给定的装配空间条件下满足几何和性能约束,以获得最大的疲劳寿命和最佳的力矩刚性为目的,运用模拟退火算法对双列角接触球轴承结构的轿车轮毂轴承进行多目标优化设计。以数组形式定义离散变量定义域,并采用随机选取数组序号形式实现随机对离散变量定义域进行取值。并基于一个实际应用例子编制了优化程序,给出了运算结果。结果表明,模拟退火算法能够有效地解决离散变量全局寻优问题,所有约束得到满足并获得整体性能最优的轮毂轴承。优化设计方案无论在系统疲劳寿命还是力矩刚性方面都显著地优于当前设计方案。

In order to improve the efficiency of the design process and the quality, this paper proposes a multi - objective optimization method, using the simulated annealing method, for determining design variables of automotive wheel bearings of the double - row angular contact ball bearing type. The desired performance to be maximized is the system fatigue life and the moment rigidity with satisfying the geometr/cal and operational constraints, without enlarging the mounting space. Array coding and random selecting are used to efficiently find the optimum discrete design values. A computer program is developed and applied to the design of a real wheel bearings model to evaluate the proposed design method. The optimum design results demonstrate the effectiveness of the design method proposed in this paper by showing that the system fatigue life and the moment rigidity of an optimally designed wheel bearing are enhanced in comparison with that of the current design without any constraint violations.