颅眶截骨前移结合游离皮瓣整复放疗后眶畸形

Reconstruction of orbital deformity after radiotherapy with transcranial orbitotomy advancement combining free flap

目的探讨经颅眶截骨前移结合足背游离皮瓣串联胫前筋膜瓣整复放疗后眼眶凹陷及结膜囊狭窄畸形的临床疗效。方法自2004年以来,共收治5例视网膜母细胞瘤手术及放疗后眼眶及结膜囊严重凹陷畸形,应用冠状切口经颅眶前部截骨前移,钛钉钛板坚强固定后,复原头皮瓣,再在狭窄的结膜囊中部切开向四周分离,根据结膜囊缺损的大小及颞部的凹陷范围设计足背游离皮瓣串联胫前筋膜瓣,分别移植于结膜囊及颞部凹陷部位,血管蒂与颞浅动静脉或面动脉及颈外静脉吻合。结果皮瓣全部成活,经3-6个月随访,眶外形满意,颞部凹陷明显改善。结膜囊内义眼模固定3个月后3例配戴义眼外形良好;2例较差,其中1例眼窝凹陷仍较明显,二期行义眼座置入术,另1例结膜囊挛缩,术后下穹隆过浅,二期行自体硬腭黏膜移植。上述2例经二期修整后1个月安戴义眼,外形也达到满意效果。足部供区4例愈合良好,1例延期愈合。结论经颅眶截骨前移结合游离足背皮瓣串联胫前筋膜瓣转移整复放疗后眼眶及颞区凹陷及结膜囊狭窄畸形具有可行性,一期手术即可完成。

Objective To study clinic therapeutic effect about reconstruction of severe orbital and cul-de-sac deformity after the radiotherapy with transcranial orbitotomy advancement combining cascade free flap both dorsum pedis flap and anterior tibial fascial flap. Methods Five cases was subjected to orbital and cul-de-sac severe deformities after both operation and radiotherapy because of retinoblastoma. The technique included transcranial orbital advancement by anterior orbital osteotomy and rigid fixed with titanic plate by coronal incision, and meanwhile incising the cul-de-sac which would be extended circumference around the central incision separation, and then designing extent of cascade flap consisted of dorsum pedis flap and anterior tibial fascial flap according to the size of cul-de-sac defect and extent of temporal depression. Then, the aforementioned two parts of cascade flap were transplanted into cul-de-sac and temple respectively.There is either the superficial temporal artery and vein or facial artery and jugular vein to chose vascular anastomosis. Results All flaps survived. After 3 to 6 months following up, the results showed satisfactory orbital contour and temporal depression improved significantly in all cases. After the conjunctival sac were fixiformed with prefabricated eye prosthesis mode about 3 months. 3 cases have good appearance with wearing eye prosthesis and the other 2 cases＇ appearance is poor.One of the poor appearance cases, with depressed eye socket, have orbital implant underlying conjunctival sac in secondary operation.The other one ,with shallowed inferior fornix, is transplanted autogenous hard palatal mucosa into inferior fornix in secondary operation. In addition, delayed healing in donor site of dorsum pedis occurred in one of the 4 cases. Conclusions It is a reliable procedure about reconstruction of severe orbital and cul-de-sac deformity after both the operation and radiotherapy with transcranial orbitotomy advancement combining cascade free flap both dorsum pedis flap and anterior tibial fascial flap. All deformity was corrected by one staged procedure which lessen patient＇s suffering and shorten patient＇s hospital stay and spare patient＇s costs.