MicroRNA检测方法的发展现状

Approach to detect microRNA

MicroRNA是内源性的非编码的小RNA,参与调控多种生理学和病理学的过程,如细胞分化、细胞增殖和肿瘤形成。近年来,对miRNAs的研究逐渐深入,而研究miRNAs的前提是首先对其检测鉴定。由于miRNAs序列很短、家族成员序列类似且存在多种成熟形式,对其进行检测甚至定量均是一种挑战,为了更好地检测miRNAs,各种新的检测鉴定miRNAs的方法相继报道。本文综合近几年的发展现状,介绍了几种高通量筛选miRNAs、鉴定和定量miRNAs的方法。

MicroRNAs（miRNAs） are a class of small single-stranded noncoding RNAs which are involved in regulating many physiological or pathological processes, such as cellular differentiation, proliferation and tumorgeneses. Recently, the study of miRNAs have developed, while it is the premise to detect miRNAs first, miRNAs have presented challenges for detection and quantification because of their small size, the sequence similarity among family members, and their occurrence in several maturational forms. In order to detect miRNAs well, many new approaches have been reported guadually. In this text, we reviewed the development and recommended several approaches to screen miRNAs even detect and quantify miRNAs.