国外学者论马克思的生产力概念

Overseas Scholars on Marx's Conception of Productive Forces

国外学者对马克思的生产力概念格外重视,在各种学术争论中对这个概念进行了责难和辩护。马克思在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中沿袭着生产力概念的古典经济学用法。经过《神圣家族》、《评李斯特》等文本,马克思变革了生产力概念。在《德意志意识形态》中,马克思在恩格斯手写稿上的批注表明了生产力概念的哲学内涵,而且把生产力理解为历史发展的根本动力。

This article summarized that overseas scholars interpreted Marx＇s conception of productive forces in six sides. According to the academic history, this article reviewed the criticism and defence of Marx＇s conception of productive forces from overseas scholars. In Economic ＆ Philosophy Manuscripts of 1844, Karl Max used the concept of productive forces for the first time. He then still adopted the usage of the Classical Economy. Marx transformed the concept of productive forces through the texts of The Holly Family and Draft of an Article on Friedrich List＇s Book： Das Nationale System der Politischen Oekonomie and so on. In The German Ideology, Marx further defined the philosophical connotation of productive forces （Produktivkraefte） and considered the productive forces as the essential motive forces of the development of history in the texts adding on Engels＇s manuscripts.