老工业基地的就业特征与就业政策研究——以黑龙江省为案例分析

Study of Characteristics of Employment and Its Policy in Old Industrial Base

自从2002年中央明确提出振兴东北老工业基地以来,解决产业结构调整、升级与就业问题之间的矛盾成为必须要解决的"瓶颈性"障碍。本文将老工业基地就业问题基于经济增长与结构调整的背景之下进行了探讨,明确总结了现阶段黑龙江省的三次产业以及工业内部的就业结构性特征,并结合国外典型就业特征的分析,提出了促进黑龙江省就业水平提升的对策建议。

The macro characteristics of employment in Heilongjiang Province manifests a great fluctuation of mutual complement between first industry and secondary industry concerning the absorbing capacity, and the absorbing capacity of the tertiary industry being the greatest and most stable. The adjustment of the structure of resource-intensive industry influences employment the most. The absorbing capacity of labor, technology and capital-intensive industries are the least obvious. Manufacturing industry should continue to reduce the number of employees. Concerning these characteristics, the way of dealing with them should be expanding policy directing modern agriculture, flexible policy directing the tertiary industry, reinforcing human resource investment, constructing public employment system, and developing middle and small scaled enterprises policy to ＂create employment＂.