冬训对男子优秀游泳运动员内分泌和免疫机能影响的研究

Influence of Winter Training on Endocrine and Immune Function of Male Elite Swimming Athletes

目的:探讨冬训对男子优秀游泳运动员内分泌和免疫机能的影响。方法:对7名优秀男子游泳运动员冬训期间睾酮、皮质醇、免疫球蛋白、T淋巴细胞亚群、NK细胞、NKT细胞的变化进行观察。结果:血清T在冬训过程中无显著性变化,血清C在第2周显著高于调整期水平,随后逐渐下降,恢复1周时明显低于其他训练各周次(P<0.05),T/C比值在训练第3周、第4周显著低于调整期水平(P<0.05)。免疫球蛋白、CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4+/CD8+比值在冬训过程中变化不大;NK细胞在冬训第2周开始出现持续下降趋势,恢复1周时有回升的迹象,但仍显著低于调整期水平(P<0.05);NKT细胞在冬训期训练第2周开始出现持续显著性下降(P<0.01),恢复1周时虽有回升的迹象,但仍显著低于调整期水平(P<0.01)。结论:冬训对男子游泳运动员的内分泌和免疫机能产生一定程度的影响,但没有造成明显的免疫失衡和过度疲劳。

This paper explores the effect of winter training on endocrine and immune function of elite swimming athletes. Seven male elite swimming athletes were selected as subjects and the changes of endocrine index, immunoglobulin, T-lymphocyte subsets, NK cell, NKT cell were observed during the winter training. The result shows that serum T has no significant difference, serum C of the second week has significant increase（P〈0.05） ,through one week recover training, serum C has significant decrease compared with other training-week（P〈0.05）;T/C ratio of the third and fourth week have significant decrease compared with that of before training（P〈0.05） ; Immunoglobulin,CD3^＋ ,CD4^＋ ,CD8^＋ ,CD4^＋/CD8^＋ ratio have no significant difference compared with that of before training; NK cell of the second week has decreased-trend, through one week recover training,NK cell has still significant decrease compared with that of before training（P〈0.01） ;since the second week, NKT cell has significant decrease compared with that of before training（P〈0.01 ）, through one week recovery training, NKT cell has increased-trend, but it still has significant decrease compared with that of before training（P〈0.01）. It concludes that a period of winter training has effected on endocrine and immune function of swimmers to a certain extent,but it didn＇t cause the unbalance of immune function and over-fatigue.