香格里拉纳西族与汉族聚居区的景观生态格局对比研究

Contrastive Research of the Landscape Space Patter in Habitation of Naxi Nationality and Han Nationality in Shangri-La County,Yunnan

位于云南省西北哈巴雪山中的三坝纳西族自治乡,由于历史原因,其人口组成中的汉族和纳西族分别聚居于境内的格基河和白水河2条小流域,从而形成了各有特点的景观利用格局.应用景观生态学和文化人类学的研究方法,对三坝纳西族自治乡内2条小流域的景观格局进行了研究和分析.结果表明:白水河流域的景观优势度比格基河流域高,且差异显著;白水河流域的景观破碎度比格基河流域高;白水河流域的景观多样性比格基河流域低,但差异不显著.同时对其民族分布及其耕作文化的调查显示,纳西族的神山崇拜、聚居和梯田耕作文化对其居住的白水河流域景观格局的形成有直接联系.

Because of historical conflict, the Han nationality and the Naxi nationality inhabit two adjacent subordinate basins in Sanba administration village, Shangri-La County, Yunnan Province. The Naxi nationality inhabits the Baishuihe basin, while the Han nationality inhabits the Gejiihe basin. Different landscape spatial patterns are formed on account of their different cultural conventions. In order to evaluate their distinctions, a contrastive research was carried out through the methods of landscape ecology and cultural anthropology. It is shown that the Dominance Index in the Baishuihe basin is higher than that in the Gejihe basin, and their difference is very obvious. Simultaneously, the Landscape Diversity Index in the Baishuihe basin is lower than that in the Gejihe basin, and the Fragmentation Index in the Baishuihe basin is higher than that in the Gejihe basin, but in no apparent difference. The research result also indicates that the conventional sacred hills, clustering and terrace cultivation culture of Naxi nationality are beneficial to the harmonious development of the resources, environment and population, especially in those alp and gorge area in Yunnan Province. ＂