摘要
从先秦至唐宋"中、间"由普通名词而方位名词,进而逐渐虚化为黏着的后置词。在隐喻机制作用下,两词由表空间扩展到表时间,再由表时间的词汇义演化为表时体的语法义,又因频繁附着于谓词性词语后面开始向体标记发展。结构助词+方位名词的"之中、之间"在高频连用和双音化作用下逐渐融合为双音节后置词。"中、间"的发展趋势是趋同、中和,但在表达上也存在分工互补的倾向。由于音节构造和源语义积淀等因素,"中、间"比"之中、之间"更适宜附在谓词后表持续义,而"中"又比"间"更适合在表前景信息的主句谓语后面充当持续体标记。
Because of the special distribution,the two ordinary nouns'中'and'间'have gradually evolved into two nouns of locality:'中(in the middle of)'and'间(space in between)', and further into two post-positional localizers from the pre-Qin days to the Tang and Song dynasties.Under the mechanism of metaphor,the two words have expanded from location to time,and from lexical meaning to grammatical meaning.Because they have always been attached to the verbal and adjectival phrases,they have evolved into non-typical aspectmarkers gradually.
出处
《汉语学报》
2007年第4期2-14,共13页
Chinese Linguistics
基金
国家社科基金(07BYY048)
教育部社科项目(05JA740021)
上海市哲社项目(2006BYY006)的资助。
关键词
方位名词
后置词
体标记
语法化
发展趋势
post-positional localizer
aspect marker
grammaticalization
tendency
