植物生长延缓剂对谷子生长及产量性状的影响

Effects of Plant Growth Retardants on the Growth and Yield Traits of Setaria italica L.

[目的]研究植物生长延缓剂对谷子生长及产量性状的影响。[方法]采用随机区组试验,探讨了不同浓度的矮壮素（25和50mg/L）和缩节胺（50和100 mg/L）对谷子生长、产量的影响。[结果]不同生育时期50 mg/L矮壮素作用最大,100 mg/L缩节胺次之。高浓度的植物生长延缓剂在成熟期矮化作用最大,低浓度的在拔节期矮化作用最大。矮壮素对谷子茎粗的作用好于缩节胺。生长延缓剂在拔节期对茎粗的作用最明显。施用矮壮素和缩节胺的谷子平均产量为2 831.52、887.5 kg/hm^2。施用植物生长延缓剂后,谷子穗重、穗粒重增加1-2 g;施用矮壮素谷子千粒重增加。[结论]随着生长延缓剂浓度的提高,矮化作用越强,且矮壮素矮化效应高于缩节胺。施用生长延缓剂,谷子产量提高700-900 kg/hm^2,缩节胺增产作用较矮壮素好。

[Objective] The research aimed to study the effects of plant growth retardants on the growth and yield traits of Setaria italica L.[Method] In the field test with random block,the effects of chlorocholine chloride（CCC） at 25 and 50 mg/L and N,N-dimethyl piperidinium chloride（DPC） at 50 and 100 mg/L on the growth and yield of S.italica were discussed.[Result] The dwarfing effects of 50 mg/L CCC in different growth stages were most,followed by 100 mg/L DPC.The dwarfing effects of plant growth retardants with high concentrations were most in maturity stage and that of plant growth retardants with low concentrations were most in jointing stage.The dwarfing effect of CCC on the stem diameter of S.italica was better than that of DPC.The dwarfing effects of plant growth retardants on the stem diameter were most obvious in jointing stage.The average yields of S.italica applied with CCC and DPC were 2 831.5 and 2 887.5 kg/hm2 resp.After plant growth retardants were applied,the spike weight and grain weight per spike of S.italica increased 1～2 g.1 000-grain weight of S.italica was increased after CCC was applied.[Conclusion] With the increasing of the concentration of plant growth retardant,the dwarfing effects are stronger and the dwarfing effect of CCC is higher than that of DPC.Applying plant growth retardant can increase the yield of S.italica by 700～900 kg/hm2 and the yield-increasing effect of DPC is better than that of CCC.