论弗洛伊德潜意识理论的两面性:批判性与意识形态性

The two sides of Freud's subconsciousness theory: Criticalness and ideologicalness

近代西方哲学将哲学知识与哲学体系建立在理性基础之上,造成主客体对立与知识的日益独断,对现实人生与个人生命关注甚少,引起19世纪末与20世纪哲学家们对其的批判。弗洛伊德潜意识理论正是在此背景下给近代西方理性哲学以摧毁性的冲击,有着对理性的强烈批判性;但潜意识理论用于分析社会时又有着意识形态的性质,步入马克思所批判的意识形态范畴。对弗洛伊德潜意识理论必须加以辩证的看待。

Modern western philosophy builds on reason, gives rise to opposition between subject and object, dogmatic knowledge, concerning little about real life and personal life, and leads to criticism from philosophers in later 19 century and 20 century. Freud＇ s subconsciousness theory gives modern western philosophy destructive impact under the backdrop and the theory is critic to reason; but when subconsciousness theory applies to society, it is ideological and among the ideological categories Marx criticizes. We should look on Freud＇ s subconsciousness theory dialectically.