纳米碳洋葱的研究进展

Research progress in nanosized carbon onion-like fullerenes

纳米碳洋葱是一种以C60为核心的同心多层球面套叠结构的碳分子。从结构形貌、制备方法等角度讨论纳米碳洋葱和纳米石墨微粒的区别。着重对纳米碳洋葱的形成进行分析和比较,认为纳米石墨微粒可能是先形成一定数量的壳层然后分别沿壳层向外和向内推进长大,石墨化程度具有方向性;而纳米碳洋葱是先形成C60,然后以螺旋机制生长。最后从能量角度讨论纳米碳洋葱的稳定性,并对其修饰改性、化合物嵌插以及性能方面的研究进行评述。

The nanosized carbon onion-like fullerene is quasi-spherical carbon nanoparticles with the nucleus of C60. In the paper, the difference between nanosized carbon onion-like fullerene and nanosized graphite particle has been distinguished from the viewpoint of structure, morphology and fabrication firstly. And the formation mechanism of the nanosized carbon onion-like fullerene has also been analyzed and summarized. It indicates that formation process of the polygonal graphite particle consists of forming the graphite shell and thickening inwards and/or outwards. In different directions, graphitization degrees are variable. However, a C60 nucleus is needed to form carbon onion-like fullerene by spiral mechanism. At last, stability of the nanosized carbon onion-like fullerene has been discussed from the viewpoint of the energy, and modification, compound intercalation and properties have also been reviewed.