河北围场黑琴鸡繁殖生态学研究

THE STUDY ON BREEDING ECOLOGY OF BLACK GROUSE (Lyrurus tetrix) IN WEICHANG,HEBEI PROVINCE

黑琴鸡（Ｌｙｒｕｒｕｓｔｅｔｒｉｘ）的繁殖期为４月至７月，雄鸡有明显的求偶炫耀行为，一般有固定的炫耀场，每个炫耀场内雄鸡数量平均７．５只，炫耀高峰期每日清晨和傍晚，各进行１次求偶炫耀。有３种明显行为，即体姿炫耀、拍翅飞行、振翅跳跃。录得４种鸣叫类型，即召唤鸣叫、占区鸣叫、恐吓鸣叫、炫耀鸣叫。巢址较隐蔽，地面巢简陋。窝平均卵数８．９枚，有补卵习性。孵卵由雌性担任，孵化期２８天。

The paper presents results of study on the breeding ecology of Black Grouse at Sai-Han-Ba mechanic forestry field,Weichang County,Hebei Province from 1990 to 1994 The usual breeding period of Black Grouse is between April and July In the duration of the breeding period,the cock Black Grouse exhibits the behavior of the courtship display and has the enlargement of the red eyebrow as well as occupies the fixed lek The average number of the cock Black Grouse at a lek is 7 5 individuals (range 3-14 ind) The courtship display peaks appeared twice a day time (4:00-7:00 and 16:30-19:00),but usally the former peak is more acute than the latter one We had observed three kinds of the courtship displaying behavior and four kinds of displaying vocalization of the males,the former is body posture display,flutter-jumping and flutter-fly Whereas the latter is calling,spacing,threat,and displaying vocalization The mating behaviour was finished when the females entered the lek for 30-45 minutes The nest is on the ground and the construction is very simple as well as built on hide sites The materials of the nest is composed of some grasses,tiny branches and feathers etc Each clutch has six to ten (average 8 9) The eggs average 35 33 g in weight,49 63×35 14 mm in size We had recoreded the phenomenon of the supplement egg The duration of incubation is about 28 days and only the female is responsible for incubating the egg