二倍体型与三倍体型卫氏并殖吸虫同工酶谱的发育变异及其分类学意义

ONTOGENIC CHANGES IN ISOZYME PATTERNS OF DIPLOID AND TRIPLOID PARAGONIMUS WESTERMANI WITH REFERENCE TO ITS TAXONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE

采用垂直板状聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ｖｅｒｔｉｃａｌＰＡＧＥ）法分析比较了二倍体（２ｎ）型与三倍体（３ｎ）型卫氏并殖吸虫童虫、成虫的醛缩酶（ＡＬＤ）、已糖激酶（ＨＫ）和葡萄糖６磷酸脱氢酶（Ｇ６ＰＤ）的同工酶谱，结果显示２ｎ型与３ｎ型卫氏并殖吸虫在不同发育期之间及两型吸虫相应各发育期之间ＡＬＤ、ＨＫ及Ｇ６ＰＤ同工酶谱均显示变异，变异表现为两种方式，一种是在同一个基因座位区的同工酶的酶带数目、迁移位置及活性发生变异；另一种是两型吸虫在有的发育期整个基因座位区无酶带显示。两型吸虫发育同工酶谱的差异反映了两型吸虫在发育进程中编码同工酶的基因遗传背景的差异。这一结果支持了两型卫氏并殖吸虫可为两个独立虫种的观点。

The enzyme electropherograms of juvenile, early adult and post adult of diploid (2n) and triploid (3n) Paragonimus westermani are compared by vertical PAGE. Aldolase (ALD, E.C.4.1.2.13),hexokinase (HK,E.C.2.7.1.1)and glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD, E.C.1.1.1.49) are employed in the comparisons. The eletropherograms exhibit differences in different developmental stages of 2n and 3n and also in the corresponding stages between 2n and 3n. Two forms of ontogenic variations are shown as follows. 1. In the same gene locus the enzyme electropherograms exhibit variations in band number, mobility and activity from juvenile to adult stages and similar variations also exist in the corresponding stages between 2n and 3n. 2. In some stages of the two types of Paragonimus westermani the isozyme bands are absent in some gene loci. The differences of developmental isozyme patterns between 2n and 3n suggest that there are differences in genetic background of isozymes in the developmental course of two types of Paragonimus westermani. The results of above experiments support the hypothesis that two types of Paragonimus westermani are of separate species.