鸡球虫入侵机理、免疫学性质及基因工程在疫苗研制上的应用

Invasion Mechanism and Immunogenic Characterization of Ovian Coccidiasis and Application of Genetic Engineering Technology in Vaccine

鸡球虫病是严重危害养禽业的一种寄生虫病。长期以来主要以化学药物进行防治。但由于球虫抗药性和药物残留等问题日益严重,使得新药开发和应用受到限制。在免疫学中强毒活苗应用广泛但生产费用昂贵,从而促使我们转向对重组亚单位疫苗的研究。不同种类的球虫有较为严格的寄生部位。且不同发育阶段的球虫其免疫原性和抗原构成也有很大差异。在真核寄生生物中,由于受到宿主免疫系统的限制,选用鸡球虫免疫保护性抗原做重组疫苗目前还没有很大突破,因此我们需要采用新方法发现新抗原,有效防治鸡球虫病。

The Eimeria species,causative agents of the disease coccidiosis,are genetically complex protozoan parasites endemic in poultry. Drug resistance remains commonplace among the Eirneria,and alternatives to chemotherapeutic control are being sought. Every Eimeria species have a special site to incubation in poultry. Different stages of incubation in one Eimeria specie have different antigens.Vaccines based upon live formulations of parasites are effective,but production costs are high,stimulating demand for a recombinant subunit vaccine. Selection of immunoprotective antigens of the Eimeria species as vaccine candidates based upon recognition by the host immune system has been unsuccessful. This is a common problem which characterizes work with most eukaryotic parasites,which promises to revolutionize the process of antigen discovery.