聚乙烯醇生物降解研究进展

Progress in Research of PVA Biodegradation

聚乙烯醇(PVA)是一种在纺织和化工行业中广泛使用的难降解的高分子聚合物。随着人们对纺织工业清洁生产的关注,如何在退浆工艺中就实现对PVA的生物降解、减少PVA废水的排放,并避免化学退浆过程中高温和氧化造成的棉纤维损伤,是近年来纺织生物技术领域的研究热点。由于PVA降解菌种类不多、培养周期长,PVA降解酶酶活不高、提取不容易等原因,使PVA的生化降解研究还局限在PVA降解菌的筛选、PVA降解酶的酶学性质研究等方面,PVA降解酶还未在纺织工业上得到应用。本文综述了近年来国内外在PVA降解菌筛选、PVA降解酶提取及酶学性质、PVA生化降解机理等方面的研究进展,并讨论了PVA生化降解研究中存在的问题及发展方向。

Polyvinyl alcohol（PVA）is one of the hard-degradable polymer,which is widely used in such as chemical industry and textile industry. In recent years,the development of clean-production process for textile industry attracted great interest and therefore, the biodegradation of PVA at the desizing stage,which could greatly reduce discharge of PVA wastewater and minimize damage of cotton fiber in the desizing process,becomes one of the key points in textile biotechnology field. Till now,the research about biodegradation of PVA is mainly focused on the screening of PVA- degrading microorganisms and the characteristics of PVA-degrading enzymes from obtained strains. PVA-degrading enzymes are still not applicable in real industry process due to their low activity and the producing strains of PVA-degrading enzyme are limited and they often grow very slowly. Here the recent progress in research of PVA biodegradation, including screening of PVA-degrading strains,purification and characterization of the PVA-degrading enzymes and the mechanism of PVA biodegradation,is reviewed. The problems and trends in the study of PVA biodegradation are also discussed.