施肥对大棚黄瓜根际微生物群落结构和数量消长的影响

Effect of Fertilization on Cucumber Rhizospheric Microbial Communities in Greenhouse

采用传统分离计数法分析了单施有机肥、单施复合肥、复合肥+有机肥混合施用条件下设施黄瓜根际真菌、细菌、放线菌、亚硝酸细菌、硝化细菌、反硝化细菌的消长,同时采用基于rDNA特异性扩增的变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)技术分析了黄瓜根际细菌遗传多样性和均匀度。结果表明,单施有机肥最有利于根际真菌和放线菌的生长繁殖,对于根际亚硝酸细菌、硝化细菌的生长繁殖也具有一定的促进作用,根际细菌多样性指数和均匀度指数均较高。施用有机肥是一种比较理想的施肥方式。

Different fertilization modes were taken for the study of impacts on cucumber rhizospheric microbial communities. After the treatment of soil samples, effects on fungi,bacteria and actinomyces were determined by dilute cultural method, nitrosbacteria and nitrifying bacteria,denitrifying bacteria were determined by most probable number（MPN） method, DNA sequence diversity of bacteria were determined by PCR - DGGE molecular marker technology. The results showed that rhizospheric fungi and actinomyces were mostly improved after using organic fertilizer alone, at the same time, rhizospheric nitrosbacteria and nitrifying bacteria were improved in some extent, and the bacterial diversity index and evenness index of soil samples were the highest. Utilization of organic fertilizer may restrain the growth of soilborne pathogens and consequently control the soilborne diseases through stimulating the growth of rhizospherie microorganisms capable of bio-control.