植物根围促生细菌(PGPR)的分离筛选及对黄瓜土传病害的防治

Study on Isolation and Screening of Plant-growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and its Biocontrol Acion to Soil-borne Diseases of Cucumber

为获取防治黄瓜土传病害的植物根围促生菌(PGPR)并明确其防效,采用促生筛选法与大田小区试验法,对黄瓜根围的促生细菌进行了筛选并对其田间防效进行了研究。结果表明,通过盆栽测定结合平皿初筛,筛选到的三株PGPR菌株,CH1,CH2和CH3都能显著地促进黄瓜生长。此外,离体拮抗试验发现,CH1和CH2对黄瓜枯萎病菌都有拮抗作用,而对瓜果腐霉均无拮抗作用,CH3对两种病原菌都有拮抗作用。盆栽防病效果测定,证实了这三株PGPR对黄瓜枯萎病和猝倒病都有较好的防治效果,田间试验进一步验证了其防效,并且发现PGPR间的亲和与非亲和性组合的促生与防病效果都显著好于单株的。这些试验结果为三株PGPRs的进一步研究和产业化奠定了坚实的基础。

A study on screening of plant-growth diseases of cucumber was studied by means of promoting rhizobacteria and its biocontrol effect to soil-borne -promoting screening and field trial method in order to get plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria for controlling soil-borne diseases of cucumber and evaluate its biocontrol effect. The results showed that the three screening strains PGPR, CH1, CH2 and CH3 could significantly promote the growth of cucumber in pot test and dish screening. Moreover, the antagonistic test in vitro found that the CH1 and CH2 exhibited antagonistic role to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, whilie no role to Pythium aphanidermatum, CH3 had antagonistic role on two pathogens. In addition, it was proved that the three PGPRs could control cucumber wilt and damping-off disease effectively in pot control efficacy test, field experiment further confirmed its efficacy and found that compatible and incompatible combination of PG- PRs exhibited a better effect on growth-promoting and disease prevention than the single PGPR. All these results lay a substantial foundation for further research and industrialization of three PGPRs.