密闭式植物种苗工厂的设计及其光环境研究

Design of the Closed Plant Factory and Study on the Artificial Lighting Environment

密闭式植物苗工厂具有节能、环保、控制精度高、生产成本低等特点,发展前景广阔。利用不透光的绝热材料建设人工光型密闭式植物工厂,设计开发了高精度的环境控制系统,为植物生长提供优化的物理环境。研制了种苗繁育LED光环境调控装置、光照距离可调式荧光灯板,有效地改善植物生长所需的光环境,提高植物的光能利用率。通过对环境控制系统的试验研究以及相关的生物学试验,为密闭式植物工厂以及人工光源在育苗领域的应用研究提供了理论和试验依据。LED、荧光灯与自然光条件下黄瓜育苗对比试验表明LED光环境下植株生长速率高于其他处理,表现出一定的生长优越性。

The closed plant factory has the advantages of energy saving, environmental protective, high pre- cision control and low productive cost and it can be developed greatly. The closed plant factory using artificial lighting was constructed by the opaque thermal insulated materials. A real-time dynamic supervisory en- vironmental control system was developed, controlling the environmental factors precisely; To improve the lighting for the plant to growth and the efficiency utilization of light, the LED lighting environmental control device and the lighting distance adjustable fluorescent board were designed. Experimental studies of environ- mental control system and biology were taken to supply information to the closed plant factory and the research on LED used in the seedling production area. The cucumber seedling compare experiments under LED, fluorescent lamp and the sunlight showed LED lighting was superior to other treatments, which has more advantages.