两用核不育水稻光敏与温敏分类的探讨

EXPLORATION ON CLASSIFICATION OF PHOTOPERIOD AND THERMOPERIOD SENSITIVITY OF FERTILITY ALTERATION IN TWOPURPOSE GENIC MALE STERILE RICE LINES

采用红光—远红光逆转效应、光温控制及等位性测验等方法，探讨了Ｎ５８ｓ及其转育的光温敏核不育系Ｗ６１５４ｓ，Ｗ７４１５ｓ，３３００１ｓ和３１１１１ｓ的光敏及温敏特性。结果表明，光敏色素参与了Ｎ５８ｓ，３１１１１ｓ和３３００１ｓ育性诱导过程，红光间断长暗期诱导可条件下，其育度显著降低，远红光能部分逆转红光的诱导效应。Ｗ７４１５ｓ育性受光敏色素的调节，Ｗ６１５４ｓ育性基本不受光敏色素调控。Ｗ６１５４ｓ育性在较高温度（＞２７．１２℃）下表现不育，在较低温度下表现可育，诱导完全不育的临界温度在２７．１２℃以上。Ｗ７４１５ｓ，３３００１ｓ，３１１１１ｓ和Ｎ５８ｓ育性主要受光周期调控，温度也存在一定的互作互补效应。参试核不育系Ｎ５８ｓ，３１１１１ｓ，３３００１ｓ与Ｗ７４１５ｓ的光敏核不育基因互为等位，但均与Ｗ６１５４ｓ的核不育基因不等位。因此，利用上述３种方法检测两用核不育水稻的光敏与温敏属性是有效的。

Methods of red and farred light reversible effect, artificial light and temperature control, and gene allelism were employed to explore the fertility alteration of N58s and its transferred photoperiod and thermoperiod sensitive genic male sterile lines, such as W6154s, W7415s, 33001s and 31111s. The results demonstrated that phytochrome worked in the fertility induction of N58s, 31111s and 33001s, i.e., red light flash could interrupt long dark phase, which induced fertility to decrease, and the effect of red light flash could partly reversed by farred light. Likewise, the fertility of W7415s was regulated by phytochrome to some extent. However, the fertility of W6154s almost was not regulated by phytochrome. W6154s was sterile at above 27.12 degree centigrade, and fertile below this temperature. The fertility of W7415s, 33001s, 31111s and N58s was chiefly induced by photoperiod, but temperature also showed certain complementary effect. Genic male sterile lines tested, such as 31111s, 33001s and W7415s, had the same photoperiod sensitive gene loci as N58s, but none of them was allelic with W6154s. Therefore, the above three methods were valid in identifying identifying the photoperiod sensitivity and thermoperiod sensitivity in fertility alteration of twopurpose genic male sterile rice lines.