运城旱地小麦不同方式地膜覆盖增产效果初报

Preliminary Report of Yield Increasing Effect of Different Plastic Film-mulched Methods on Winter Wheat in Arid Land of Yuncheng

1996～1997年，在运城市峨嵋岭旱源区以露地常规条播为对照，就地膜平铺全覆盖精量穴播和起垄半覆盖精量条播技术进行了对比研究。结果表明，两种地膜覆盖方式对小麦均有较好的增温和保墒效果，改善了麦苗生态环境，协调了小麦对水热条件的需求，促进了小麦生育进程，延长了幼穗分化和灌浆时间，使单株分蘖成穗、每穗粒数和千粒重均明显优于对照，达到了每亩增产87．3和54．6kg的显著效果。而两种覆盖方式间的效果差异不显著，从而肯定了两种覆盖均不失为旱地小麦实现高产稳产的一项战略性措施。

During 1996 ~ 1997, the techniques of completely film- mulching (sowing in hole) and solyfilm-mulching ridge (sowing in line) were compared on arid land in Yuncheng, taking conventionalsowing in line without film-mulching as control. The result showed that these two methods had good effect on increasing temperature and soil moisture conservation for wheat. It could imporve wheat seedlingecotope, adjust the requirement of wheat to water and heat, enhance wheat growth process and prolongthe period of young spike differentiation and filling. The number of tillers per plant, the number of earsper plant, the number of kernels per ear, thousand-grain weight were obviously higher than those ofcontrol. Grain output were increased by 1309. 5kg/ha, and 819.0kg/ha respectively. There was no significant difference between these methods. It was proved that these methods were good strategy for gettinghigh and stable yield in arid land.