1Bumm R,Wong J.More or less surgery for esophageal cancer:extent of lymphadenectomy in esophagectomy for squamous cell esophageal carcinoma:how much is necessary[J].Dis Esophagus 1994,7:151-155.
2Hiroyasu igaki,Hoichi kato,Yuiji tachimori,et al.Cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with submucosal carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus[J].Journal of Surgical Oncology,2000,75:37-41.
3Isono K,Sato H,Nakayama K.Result of a nationwide study on the tree-field lymph node dissection of esophageal cancer[J].Oncology,1991,48:411-420.
4Hideo Shimadal,Osamu Chinol,Hikaru Tanakal,et al.Sentinel lymph node detection with Tc-99m tin colloids in patients with esophagogastric cancer[J].Jpn J Clin Oncol,2003,33(2):68-72.
5Fumiaki Sato,Yutaka Shimada,Zhigang Li,et al.Paratracheal lymph node metastasis is associated with cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with thoracie esophageal squamous cell carcinoma[J].Annals of Surgical Oncology,2002,9(1):65-70.5
6Shoji Natsugoe,Masataka Matsumoto,Hiroshi Okumura,et al.Initial metastatic,including micrometastatic,sites of lymph nodes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma[J].Journal of Surgical Oncology,2005,89:6-11.
8Akiyama H,Tsurumaru M,Udagawa H,et al.Radical lymph node dissection for cancer of the thoracic esophagus[J].Ann Surg,1994,220:364-373.
9H.Udagawa,H.Akiyama.Surgical treatment of esophageal cancer:Tokyo experience of the three-field[J].Diseases of the Esophagus,2001,14:110-114.
10H Osugi,M Takemura,N Takada,et al.Prognostic factors after esophagectomy and extended lymphadenectomy for squamous esophageal cancer[J].British Journal of Surgery,2002,89:909-913.
8Koch J, Halvorsen RA Jr . Staging of esophageal cancer: computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and endoscopic ultrasound. Semin Roentgenol, 1994,29:364-372.
9Tohnosu N, Onoda S, Isono K. Ultrasonographic evaluation of cervical lymph node metastasis in esophageal cancer with special reference to the relationship between the short to long axis ratio (S/L) and the cancer content. J Clin Uitrasound, 1989,17:101-106.
10van Overhagen H, Lameris JS, Zonderland HM, et al. Ultrasound and ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy of supraclavicular lymph nodes in patients with esophageal carcinoma. Cancer, 1991,67:585-587.
4Kosugi S,Kanda T,Yajima K. Risk factors that influence early death due to cancer recurrence after extended radical esophagectomy with three-field lymph node dissection[J].Annals of Surgical Oncology,2011,(10):2961-2967.
5Kemstine KH. The first series of completely robotic esophagectomies with three-field lymphadenectomy:initial experience[J].Surgical Endoscopy,2008,(09):2102.
6Yajima S,Oshima Y,Shimada H. Neck dissection for thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma[J].Int J Surg Oncol,2012,(12):750456.
7Matsubara H. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy for the treatment of esophageal carcinoma[J].International Journal of Clinical Oncology,2008,(06):474-478.doi:10.1007/s10147-008-0853-4.
8Stiles BM,Mirza F,Coppolino A. Clinical T2-T3N0M0 esophageal cancer:the risk of node positive disease[J].Annals of Thoracic Surgery,2011,(02):491-496.
