北冰洋78°N冰站近地层参数的观测研究

EXPERIMENT OF NEAR SURFACE LAYER PARAMETERS ON DRIFT ICE OVER THE ARCTIC OCEAN

利用2003年8月22日—9月3日中国北极科学考察队在北冰洋78°N浮冰站获得的近地层观测资料,采用整体输送法对北冰洋浮冰近地层特征参数进行了分析研究。结果表明,在考察期间,雪面吸收的净辐射仅为3.6 W/m2,其中以感热和潜热向大气输送的能量分别占52%和31%,向海冰深层传导的热量很少;近中性层结条件下的平均拖曳系数Cdn为1.16×10-3,略小于75°N北冰洋浮冰上近中性层结的Cdn。与1999年75°N附近冰站观测结果的对比表明,当海冰密度及冰站所在浮冰的尺度不同时,海冰与大气相互作用的热力学和动力学过程的差异显著,在研究北冰洋地区海/冰/气相互作用对气候过程影响时,应考虑这一问题。

Estimates of near surface layer parameters over 78°N drifting ice in the Arctic Ocean are made using bulk transfer methods with experiment data operated by the Chinese Arctic Scientific Expedition from August 22 to September 3, 2003. The results show that the net radiation received by the snow/ice surface is 3.6 W/m^2 , part transformed into atmosphere through the sensible heat and latent heat, which account for 52% and 31% respectively, and the rest part being lost to deep ice by conductive process. The bulk transfer coefficient of momentum is about 1.16 × 10^-3 near neutral stratification, which is smaller than the results obtained over 75°N drifting ice. However, to compare with the results observed over 75°N drifting ice in the Arctic Ocean in 1999, we can find that the thermodynamic and momentum of interactions between sea and air are significantly different with latitudes, concentration and scale of sea ice. It is very important to consider the effect of sea-air-ice interaction over the Arctic Ocean on the studying climate modeling.