隐喻与文化——以汉语婚姻和思维隐喻为例

Metaphor and Culture A Case Study Basedon the Chinese Metaphorsabout Marriage and Thought

认知语言学认为隐喻是反映人类认知思维的语言工具;经验主义者认为隐喻是日常概念系统的镜像。本文按照隐喻是从源喻到靶喻的映射这一研究取向探讨隐喻如何反映不同的文化内涵。作者在语料的基础上通过考察汉语中婚姻和思维的概念隐喻,总结出关于婚姻的四种隐喻并讨论了Thought is Food(思想是食物)的四种命题图式在概念化中所起的作用。隐喻所反映的文化模式应该成为认知语言学研究的另一个关注点。

Cognitive studies have proved that metaphor is an important device reflecting human thinking. The empiricists argue that metaphors mirror our ordinary conceptual mechanism. Following the empiricists＇ standpoint of considering metaphor as a mapping between source domain and target domain, this paper examines how metaphors reflect different cultural connotations. Based on the corpus, the author generalized four conceptual metaphors about marriage and discussed four proposition-schemas involved in ＂Thought is Food＂. The cultural model reflected by metaphor should become another focus of cultural linguistics.