胜利矿区景观生态的空间格局分析

Analysis of Spatial Pattern of Landscape Ecology in Shengli Opencast Mine

通过对胜利矿区建设前及建设后的景观分区和选取景观空间格局指标,分析研究了胜利矿区景观的空间格局特征及矿区建设前后空间格局的变化,结果表明:1.建设后的景观生态的多样性、均匀性和破碎度高于建设前;建设后矿区的景观优势度和分离度值减少;2.胜利矿区建成后,工矿景观的数目、面积均增加,草原景观的面积减少,因此,在开采的同时应大力开展矿区的植被恢复,特别是草原植被的恢复,实现露天煤矿生产与生态重建的一体化.

Based on the landscape zoning and on the index selection of landscape patterns, features and variations of landscape patterns of Shengli opencast mine before and after its construction were studied. The results show that 1） the diversity, evenness, and fragmentation of landscape ecology after its construction will be better than that before its construction, 2） dominance and the separation values of the landscape will decrease after the mine was constructed, and 3） the landscape number and area will increase while the area of grassland landscape will decrease after the Shengli opencast mine has been built. Therefore the vegetation rehabilitation should be required in the mining process, with the rehabilitation of grassland in particular so as to realize the integration of coal mining with it ＇s the ecological reconstruction in the opencast mine.