基于供需平衡的城市路内停车合理规模分析模型

Optimal Model of Curb Parking Scale Considering Equilibrium between Supply and Demand in City Central Area

分析了影响路内停车需求和限制路内停车泊位供应的主要因素,提出了一种确定城市中心区路内停车泊位总体规模的方法:利用城市规模、经济水平等城市宏观指标对路内停车需求进行预测;同时,考虑路网容量,在路网饱和度允许的约束条件下以出行者的广义综合成本最小为目标,从而来确定与路外停车相匹配的路内停车泊位供应规模;然后,比较路内停车需求与路内泊位的供应能力,在尽量满足供需平衡的前提下再考虑管理、周转率等因素,给出建议的路内停车总体规模,为城市中心区的路内停车规划提供依据。文章最后给出实例估算,验证模型的有效性和实用性。

Firstly, the main factors which influnce on curb parking demand and restrict curb-parking supply are analyzed, then a method of estimating optimal scale of curb parking in the city center is designed, that is, curb parking demand was estimated using the macroscopical characteristic indices of the city such as urban size, economic level and so on. On the other hand, minimizing the objective function which reflects travelers＇ general synthetical costs, the provision scale of curb parking and off-street parking is matched considering the network capacity and its acceptable saturation. After comparing demand and supply of the curb parking, a optimal scale of curb parking is estimated to maintain the balance between supply and demand considering other factors such as management and turn -over. This scale can be used as the gist of parking planning in the city center. Finally, an example was given to validate the feasibihty and availability of the model.