1069例新生儿眼底检查结果及分析

Fundus examination in 1069 neonatal infants

目的了解新生儿眼底特点及随年龄变化的规律,筛查新生儿中眼底病变发生发展情况。方法对1069例新生儿进行眼底检查,观察眼底特点及随年龄变化趋势,及新生儿中永存性原始玻璃体增生症、视乳头水肿、视神经萎缩,视网膜出血、早产儿视网膜病变的发生发展情况。结果①新生儿眼底随年龄呈现规律性改变;②发现玻璃体动脉残留37例（3.46%）;永存性原始玻璃体增生症8例（7.48%）;视乳头水肿25例（2.34%）;视神经萎缩14例（1.31%）;早产儿视网膜病变33例（3.09%）;视网膜出血97例（146眼,9.07%）;结论①新生儿眼底改变具有一定特点,并随年龄发生规律性变化;②新生儿视乳头水肿多见于脑缺氧缺血,严重的视乳头水肿往往提示颅内压增高;③新生儿不能根据乳头颜色来轻易诊断视神经萎缩,必须要随访其随年龄变化颜色改变情况;④新生儿眼底出血预后较好;周边视网膜出血提示早产儿视网膜病变。

Objective To take fundus examination in neonatal infants and observe the regular change with age, and screen the common fundus diseases in neonatal infants. Methods To take fundus examination under indirect ophthalmoscope in 1069 neonatal infants,and observe its change with age;Screen the fundus disease in neonatal infans, Results ① The fundus in neonatal infants was changed with age regularly; ② Persistent hyaloid artery was found in 37 cases（3.46%）; Persistent primary vitreous in 8 cases （7.48%）; Optic disc edema in 25 cases（2.34%）; Optic atrophy in 14 cases（ 1.31%）; Retinopathy of prematurity in 33cases（3. 09%）; Retinal hemorrhage in 97 cases（9.07%）.Conclusions ① The fundus in neonatal infants show some characteristic compare to growing infants or adults, and change with age regularly; ② ptic disc edema in neonatal infants often suggests for intracranial hypertension; ③Optic atrophy should be diagnosed cautiously in neonatal infants; 4, Subhyaloid hemorrhage in neonatal in infants often achieve famous prognosis;but hemorrhage in peripheral retina often suggests retinopathy of prematurity.