中小学体育课程改革过程中存在的制约因素的探讨

An Investigation of the Restrict Factors in Sports Course Reforms in Middle and Primary Schools

通过实地走访、问卷调查、电话问询等方法研究目前我国中小学体育课程改革的现状,发现《课程标准》虽然在全国已试验和推广四年有余,但目前仍只有不足1/5的学校较好的实施体育课改。体育课改的制约因素除了场地器材外,还存在学校考试中心地位的影响、师资的制约、《课程标准》的不尽完善、知名学者学术争鸣和课改学校部分学生的消极对待等因素的困扰。笔者认为,体育课程改革是贯彻落实"健康第一"的必要条件,只有加快教育体制改革步伐,弱化考试中心地位,解决各级学校的场地、师资的短缺和不合理配置,丰厚师资自身素养,进一步完善《课程标准》,才能推动体育课程改革健康快速的进行。

The author studied the current situation that sports course reforms in middle and primary schools by questionnaires,fieldwork, and telephone intervriews. The result shows that the experiment and promotion of the ＂curriculum standard ＂ have already lasted for 4 years, but only less than 1/5 schools practiced it. Besides being short of sport space, the influence of college entrance examination, the restraint of teachers, and imperfect ＂curriculum standard＂ restrained the course reform. The author thinks that only when accelerating reform of educational system, weakening the position of college entrance examination, resolving the shortage of sport space and teachers, improving teacher accomplishment and perfecting the ＂course standard ＂ will help proceed the sports course reforms as planned and without a hitch.