天下第一绝句《静夜思》——兼谈“床前明月光”何以后来居上

A Tranquil Night——The Best Five-Character Jueju——Also a Discussion of the Reason Why the Line "Abed,I see a silver light" Prevails

李白的《静夜思》是当代中国知名度最高、普及度最广的小诗,堪称天下第一绝句。诗中物象的亲切性、音韵的和美性、思维的单线性、空间的可变性、时间的永恒性、身心的依存性,组成了一个独一无二的魅力系统。但是,《静夜思》在整个唐代并未受到评论家和诗选家们的青睐。而且"床前明月光"和"举头望明月"两句,也是明代人从李白原句"床前看月光"和"举头望山月"改动而成的。"明月……明月……故乡",不仅大大增强了宇宙间的空明感,强劲延续了望月思乡的诗歌传统,而且大大凸显了明代文人群体的"大明"意识。尤其是明末清初的民族情绪,更使得这两个"明"字别具意味。因为在古典诗文中,"故乡"与"故国"同义。从明清两代开始,中国读者用集体的智慧,小小修改了李白的《静夜思》,大大强化了"作品的绝对独特性",又用集体的热情,一代代人亿万次地持续诵读。时至今日,终于在千淘万汰之后,将"床前明月光……"托上了民族记忆的珠穆朗玛峰。透视一首默默无闻的唐诗演变为天下第一绝句的特殊历程,后人可以在文学创作、作品改编、接受研究等方面获得多向度的启迪。

A Tranquil Night by Li Bai is the most famous and most prevalent poem, or the best fivecharacter Jueju. However in the Tang dynasty, it did not win the favor of critics and compilers of poetry books. The two lines ＂Abed, I see a silver light＂ and ＂Looking up, I find the moon bright＂ were polished by someone in the Ming dynasty. Readers＇ revision of the poem in the Ming and Qing dynasties promotes its absolute uniqueness and it is read with admiration by people from generation to generation. The process of s evolvement from a unknown poem to the best Jueju will enlighten later generations on many aspects, such as literary creation, and work revision, etc.