试论中国古代地学与自然和社会环境的关系

ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF ANCIENT CHINESE GEO-SCIENCE WITH NATURAL AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTS

该文从６个方面论述了中国古代地学与自然和社会环境的关系，即中国古代地学的产生和发展与山川崇拜的关系、中国古代地学与旅行考察的关系、中国古代地学与经济、政治和军事的关系、中国古代地学与哲学思想的关系、中国古代地学与其他学科的关系。中国古代地学与宗教、风俗的关系。从这些关系中可以得出这样的结论：探索自然、考察社会，社会需要是中国古代地学产生和发展的基本因素，也是未来地学发展的基本因素。

This paper discusses the relationship of ancient Chinese geo-science with nat- ural and social environments from six aspects as follows , the origin and development of an- cient Chinese geo-science with worship of mountains and rivers ; the relationship between an- cient Chinese geo-science and traveling investigation ; the relationship of ancient Chinese geo- science with economy , politics and military affairs ; the relationship of ancient Chinese geo- science with philosophical thoughts ; the relationship between ancient Chinese geo-science and other branches of learning ; and the relationship of ancient Chinese geo-science with reli- gion and folklore. It. may be concluded from these relationships that probe of nature , inspec- tion on society and social requirements constitute the fundamental factors for the origin and development of ancient Chinese geo-science , and also will be the fundamental factors for the development of geo-science in the future.