生态型鱼巢砖水力特性研究

Study on hydraulic characteristics of ecological fish-nest brisk

生态型鱼巢砖是一种新型的河道护岸构件,本文以它的水力特性为研究对象,根据几种常见鱼类的水流习性提出了鱼巢砖的基本结构尺寸,然后通过模型试验和数值计算分析了鱼巢砖的三种连接形式在不同主槽流速下的流场分布以及它们各自不同的适用性。两种研究方法的成果基本一致,从水力特性方面说明这种鱼巢砖能够为鱼类提供一个安全的避难场所,有助于河道生物多样性的保护,也为鱼巢砖以后进一步的体型优化和推广应用提供了理论基础。

The hydraulic characteristics of ecological fish-nest brick were studied by model test and numerical simulation. Three types of brisk were designed according to the hydraulic habits of several kinds of ordinary fish. The numerical simulation results of velocity field in brisks during different main channel velocity were in good agreement with the experimental data of model test. It verifies that the maximum flow velocity in all types of brisk is less than 1/4 main channel velocity which is suitable for the fishes to accommodate and prevent from the harmful accidental high velocity flow during flood season. The adoption of this kind of brisk is effective to the ecological restoration of rivers.