企业权力性质的历史唯物主义解读

Explaining the nature of enterprise power in the view of historical materialism

现代主流企业理论认为企业是"契约"性质的,并建构交易费用范畴来分析企业内部的契约关系,但这种关系不同于马克思主义分析框架中的经济关系和生产关系,而被认为是一种法权关系和交易关系。事实上,企业契约背后隐含着经济关系和生产关系,表现为复杂的权力支配关系或层级关系,而不是平等的交易关系。因此,企业是"权力"性质的。深化认识企业的"权力"性质,可以从企业权力分析的历史向度问题以及企业权力的内生性质等方面来拓展。这是一种基于历史唯物主义来分析企业权力现象及其权力关系演变的视角或方法。

Modern mainstream enterprise theories hold that enterprises have the nature of ＂contract＂. By defining the range of trading cost, the theories analyze the contract relationship inside enterprises. It is different from the economic and production relationships in Marxist analysis framework, and is believed to have legal and trading nature. As a matter of fact, economic and production relationships implied in enterprise contract can not be considered as equal trading. They take the form of complicated power control and grade hierarchical management. As a result, enterprises have the nature of ＂power＂. Further exploration into it should be based on the historical dimension of the analysis on enterprise power and its endogenous nature. The research, based on historical materialism, is just an angle or method to analyze the phenomenon of enterprise power and the evolution of its relationships.