上海绿地植物群落特征及优化对策

Study on the Community Characteristics and Strategy Optimization of Green Area in Shanghai

通过对上海市区101个绿地群落的取样调查,分析了该类植物群落特征。结果表明:上海的绿地群落类型多样性以落叶阔叶林最多,常绿阔叶林次之;群落结构物种单一、结构简单,新建成的植物群落种植密度过高,景观较单调;群落物种组成中外来植物占有相当比例,但区系反映了地带性特征。在此基础上,提出了通过工程技术手段适当改造立地条件,增加上海适生树种数量;同时对绿地植物进行群落结构功能类型和景观功能类型划分,据此进行绿地群落的构建,进而达到生态和景观效果的和谐统一。

The community characteristics using 101 samplings of green area community in the urban district of Shanghai were analyzed. The community diversity of deciduous broadleaved forest were high. The second was the communities of evergreen broadleaved forest. The structure of community was characterized by monotonous species, simplicity and high density of new-constructed community. Exotic plants occupied considerable percentage of the species composition while the flora reflected the zonal character, some advice, e.g. improving site condition by engineering technology to enlarge the scope of optional species, and classifying those plants into different functional types for community structure and landscape was suggested. Using this classification, we could construct urban community with better ecological function and landscape.