坡耕地侵蚀泥沙养分富集规律研究

Regulation of Soil Nutrients Loss on Slope Land

通过人工模拟降雨,研究了雨前样和泥沙样中有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷、速效磷等土壤养分含量的变化。结果表明:土壤受侵蚀后,有机质、全氮和碱解氮流失的“富集”现象明显,而全磷和速效磷却无明显的“富集”现象。有机质与全氮的富集率基本一致,碱解氮的富集率较高。其中有机质富集率为-10.89%～120.63%,平均为26.38%;全氮富集率为-22.35%～158.62%,平均为23.91%;碱解氮富集率为-63.83%～350.00%,平均为52.41%。泥沙粘粒的“富集”导致与粘粒结合较强的有机质和氮产生“富集”;缺磷及磷与土壤粘粒结合较弱是磷不“富集”的原因。

Through the artificial rainfall simulation, this paper studied the change of nutrient contents between the soil sample before the rainfall and the sediment. The results showed that organic matter（OM）, total N and alkali-hydrolyzable N enriched apparently, but total P and available P did not enrich. The approximate enrichment ratio of OM and total N was lower than the ratio of alkali-hydrolyzable N. The enrichment ratio of OM changed from -10. 89%to 120. 63% with the average of 26.38% the enrichment ratio of total N changed from -22. 35M to 158. 62% with the average of 23. 91% the enrichment ratio of alkali-hydrolyzable N changed from -63.83% to 350.00% with the average value of 52.41%. Enrichment of clay in the sediment led to the enrichment of OM and N. Phosphorus did not enrich because of the deficiency of P in the soil and the weak integration between phosphorus and clay.