水文尺度问题及尺度转换研究进展

Research Progress on the Problems of Scale in Hydrology and Hydrologic Scaling

在介绍了水文尺度、尺度问题和尺度转换概念的基础上,分析了进行尺度转换的4种途径,即分形理论、小波分析、分布式水文模拟、混沌理论。提出了水文尺度研究涉及的关键问题,包括尺度问题的不确定性、水文过程尺度和水文观测尺度、水文现象的空间异质性和时空变异性。最后在已有成果的基础上,提出了目前研究中存在的问题及未来的发展方向。水文尺度转换需要多学科的交流和理论与技术的创新。

Based on the introduction of some concepts about hydrological scale, scale issue and scaling, four approaches to scale were discussed, namely, fractal theory, wavelet principle, distributed modeling, and chaotic theory. The key problems were put forward related to the scale issue in hydrology such as uncertainty principle in the scale problem, observing scale and hydrological processes of different scale-up, and the spatial heterogeneity of hydrologic phenomenon. Existing problems and prospects of research on hydrological scale were put forward. It was pointed out that the combination of various techniques and theories would motivate hydrologic scaling research and the research of hydrology scale would drive the development of hydrological science.