控制回路的PID参数整定

PID Parameter Tuning of Control Loop

PID控制以其结构简单、稳定性好、工作可靠、调整方便而成为工业控制的主要技术之一。被控制对象的结构和参数会随着时间的推移而变化,根据被控制对象的实际情况,调整PID参数的设置可以保证最佳的控制效果。因此,掌握PID参数整定的基本方法具有重要意义。文章在分析了PID控制原理的基础上,分别对阶跃响应动态测试法、临界比例度法、经验试凑法等进行了详细探讨,比较了它们之间的特点。

PID control has become one of main techniques of industry control because of its simple structure, good stability, reliable operation and facile adjustment. The construction and parameters of controlled object change with time elapsing; PID parameters need adjusting according to the actual state of the controlled object so as to guarantee the optimal control effect. Therefore, mastering basic PID parameter tuning method is significant. This paper analyses PID control principle, discusses respectively in detail the step response dynamic test method, critical proportionality method and empirical trial method. It also compares their features.