高速列车通过截面突变隧道时压力波的数值模拟研究

Numerical Study on Pressure Waves Produced by High-speed Trains through Tunnel with Abrupt Changes in the Cross-sectional Area

高速铁路隧道压力波是铁路高速化中日益突出的问题之一,而高速列车通过截面突变隧道时压力波特性目前研究较少。本文根据高速列车通过隧道过程中引起空气流动的特点,在对复杂空气流动现象进行合理简化的基础上,采用一维可压缩不等熵非定常流体流动模型和广义黎曼变量特征线法发展了截面突变隧道压力波的数值计算方法,并给出了相应的边界条件,随后与国外典型试验数据进行了比较,证明本方法的正确性。在此基础上本文分别对单车和会车通过截面突变隧道的压力波进行了数值分析,对揭示截面突变隧道内压力波特征及截面突变对隧道压力波的影响有一定的意义。

With the advent of high-speed trains, the aerodynamic and aeroacoustic problems become very nota- ble. And it is important to get the accurate results and right analysis about the pressure wave. In the recent years, a great deal of attention has been Concentrated on the pressure wave, but there have been only a few studies of the pressure wave with the abrupt changes in the cross-sectional area. According to the right predigestion on the characteristics of the air flow induced by the high-speed train entering through a tunnel, this paper develops and proposes the numerical calculation procedure with the abrupt changes in the cross-sectional area of tunnel based on the one dimensional unsteady compressible non-homentropic flow model and method of characteristics of generalized Riemann Variables. This procedure can calculate the pressure waves with abrupt changes in the condition of single train and trains crossing, and the results coincide with the field tests and the calculation ones from the foreign countries,which indicates that the models and methods are accurate and suit- able. In this paper the study on the pressure wave of one train passing through tunnel and trains crossing in tunnel with the abrupt changes in the cross section area is investigated,and this study will be of great value to disclose the characters of pressure waves in tunnel with abrupt changes in the cross-sectional area and to explore the effect of abrupt changes of the cross-sectional area on pressure waves .