从“兼济天下”到“独善其身”:魏晋南北朝士阶层社会担当意识的弱化

From Serving for the World to Preserving Themselfes: Attenuation of Intellectual's Social Responsibility Consciousness during the History of WEIJIN and NANBEICHAO

自汉武帝接受董仲舒"罢黜百家,独尊儒术"的建议后,儒家思想即上升为国家意识形态。儒学是一种带有强烈入世色彩的哲学思想和价值观念系统,在个体与整体的关系上,强调整体至上,公利优先的价值取向,使儒家士大夫具有强烈的社会责任意识和使命意识,但是,这种社会担当意识在魏晋南北朝时期特殊的时代氛围中弱化了。关注自我、及时行乐,成了这一时期士大夫的风尚。这一风尚对于促进个体意识的觉醒具有积极意识,但对于社会秩序的整合与重建来说,却不可避免地具有消极影响。

From Han dynasty, Confucianist thought rose as the country＇s ideology, The Confucianism requested intellectual to have the intense of social responsibility consciousness and mission consciousness. But these two kind of consciousness had the attenuation during the history of WEIJIN and NANBEICHAO. The intellectual pay more attention to himself takeing delight promptly which became a prevailing custom.