平阴地区出生缺陷调查分析

Investigation and analysis on birth defect

目的对平阴县出生缺陷发生的种类进行分析,为进一步探讨出生缺陷的病因提出相关危险因素的病因假设,以便更好的做好出生缺陷预防工作。方法对6年间出生缺陷病例进行回顾性调查分析。应用描述性统计的方法分析出生缺陷的种类。结果2001-2006年间各类出生缺陷中前5位分别是指（趾）畸形（24.39%）、先天性心脏病（11.22%）、先天性脑积水（10.24%）、肾脏不发育或发育不全（8.78%）、总唇裂和腭裂（各占7.80%）。神经管畸形（主要包括无脑畸形、脊髓脊膜膨出、脑膜膨出和脊柱裂）总数少于指（趾）畸形。结论各类出生缺陷中以指（趾）畸形为主。出生缺陷的防治应加强一级预防,并应采用B超、生化等手段做好二级预防,早期筛查畸形儿,早期处理。

Objective ： To study the types of birth defect, provide risk hypothesis for studying birth defect, and so do the preventive job of the birth defect better. Methods ： Through retrospective study, use the descriptive statistics to analyze the types of birth defeet during the period of 2001 to 2006. Results ： The first five positions of the birth defect were ： combined or excessive fingers or toes （polydaetyly） , congenital heart disease, congenital hydrocephalus, neuphual malformation, cleft lips, eheilosehisis or palatosehisis in six years. The ratio of neural tube malformation was decreased. Conclusion ： The major type of birth defect was combined or excessive fingers or toes （polydaetyly）. Prevention should be focused on. It is advisable to screen the birth defect by means of uhrasonography and biochemical measures as early as possible and give proper treatment.