安徽省人体重要寄生虫病现状调查

Survey on the status of human important parasitic diseases in Anhui province

目的掌握安徽省人体重要寄生虫流行现状。方法按照全国统一调查方案,分层整群随机抽样29个肠道蠕虫调查点,27个华支睾吸虫调查点,16个绦、囊虫调查点。改良加藤厚涂片法(Kato-Katz)检查肠道蠕虫卵;试管滤纸培养法鉴定钩虫虫种;透明胶纸肛拭法检查12岁以下儿童蛲虫卵。带绦虫/囊尾蚴病调查采用问卷调查和血清学检测。结果肠道蠕虫调查点共调查14873人。检出肠道蠕虫13种,总感染率为21.43%(其中男性19.63%,女性23.37%),女性高于男性(χ2=30.88,P<0.05),蛔虫、钩虫和鞭虫占全部感染者的91.28%;蛲虫检查3022人,阳性率为5.39%(163/3022);华支睾吸虫调查点人群华支睾吸虫感染率为0.72%(男0.73%,女0.72%),性别间差异无显著意义(χ2=0.0095,P>0.05)。囊尾蚴病共调查16389人,未检出带绦虫病例,血清学阳性率为0.4%。结论与第一次全国分布调查结果相比,总感染率及各虫种感染率均大幅度下降。老年龄组的感染率相对较高(尤其是女性),老年人群在过去的防治中未得到应有的重视。华支吸虫睾流行区人群感染率降低。人群带绦虫、囊虫感染率极低。

Objective To understand the present epidemic status of human important parasitic diseases in Anhui province. Methods According to the unified methods formulated by the national investigation scheme, 29 pilots for human intestinal parasites, 27 pilots for Clonorchis sinensis infection and 16 pilots for Taenia and Cysticercosis infection were selected via stratified and clustered random sampling in Anhui province. Modified Kato-Katz thick smear was applied to examine eggs of intestinal helminthes. Tube fecal culture method was used to identify the species of Hookworm. The Enterobius eggs of children below 12 years old were examined by Adhesive-tape techniques. Questionnaire and serological test were used to survey Taenia and Cysticercosis. Results Of the 14873 people, 13 species of worms were found. The average infection rate of intestinal helminthes was 21.43%. The infection rate of male and female was 19.63% and 23.37%, respectively. There was significant difference between genders （P〈0.05）. All of the infected, Ascaris, Trichuris and Hookworm accounted for 91.28%, Of the 3022 people examined, the infection rate of Enterobius was 5.39% （163/3022）. The infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis was 0.72%. There was no significant difference between genders （χ^2=0.0095, P〉0.05）. The positive rate of Cysticercosis was 2.28% by serological examination. No cases of Taenia were found from 16389 persons investigated. Conclusion The infection rates of human intestinal helminthes decreased greatly compared with the results of the first national survey in Anhui province. But people over 60 years old had higher infection rate comparatively （especially in female）. It＇s implied that older people were neglected by control program before. The infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis decreased remarkably. The infection rate of Taenia and Cysticercosis in the local residents was rather lower.