少数民族地区3～6岁儿童行为问题及其影响因素

ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIORAL PROBLEMS OF CHILDREN AT THE AGE OF 3-6 AND ITS INFLUENTIAL FACTORS IN THE MINORITY AREAS

[目的]探讨少数民族地区儿童行为问题特征及干预对策。[方法]采用整群抽取3～6岁儿童1 140名,用Rutter儿童行为父母问卷及自编相关因素调查表进行现况调查,问卷回收率96.6%。[结果]行为问题检出率为31.23%。A行为检出率14.74%;N行为检出率为10.88%;M行为检出率为5.61%。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析,A行为的主要影响因素是父亲职业、母亲妊娠时间、生源地、家庭月经济收入及儿童健康状态;N行为的主要影响因素是性别、民族、父亲饮酒行为、父母婚姻状态、儿童性格、家庭收入及儿童健康状态;M行为的主要影响因素是家庭收入和家庭和谐程度。[结论]黔南州学龄前儿童行为问题检出率高于国内其他研究,揭示在贫困的少数民族地区学前儿童行为问题已成为亟待解决的公共卫生问题。

[Objective]To research the characters of behavioral problems of children in the minority areas and intervention strategies.[Methods]1 140 children at the age of 3-6 were selected by the cluster sampling.Rutter＇s child behavioral questionnaire（parents version）and self-edited related factors checklist were adopted in the research.The recovery rate was 96.6%.[Results]The detection rate was 31.23%.The rates of behavioral problems on type A,type N and type M were respectively 14.74%,10.88% and5.61%.[Conclusion]The detection rate of behavioral problems of the preschool children in Qiannan region is higher than that of other researches in China.The behavioral problems of preschool children become a public hygeian problem which extremely need to be solved in poor minority areas.